ON THIS DAY

EVENTS FROM THIS DAY IN HISTORY VISUALISED BY AI

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OCTOBER 11

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A massive earthquake struck Aleppo, Syria, causing widespread devastation and the deaths of approximately 230,000 people. One of the deadliest earthquakes in history, it destroyed homes, mosques, and key infrastructure, leaving the city in ruins. Aftershocks continued to shake the region, exacerbating the suffering. The catastrophe significantly altered Aleppo’s landscape and underscored the vulnerability of medieval cities to powerful natural disasters.

of Aleppo moments after the earthquake, showing the city in ruins. Minarets have collapsed

1138 – Aleppo Earthquake

desperate survivors atop the cracked city walls, staring down at the destruction

lose-up of a merchant, his face covered in dust, kneeling beside his destroyed spice stall

A peace treaty was signed between the Jin dynasty and the Song dynasty, bringing a temporary halt to years of conflict. The agreement established official boundaries but left underlying tensions unresolved. While it secured some stability, the treaty ultimately failed to prevent future hostilities. The war had already weakened both states, shifting the balance of power in China and shaping future military and political strategies.

war-weary Song general presenting the peace treaty to a Jin envoy beneath a silk-draped pavilion

1142 – End of Jin–Song Wars

Close-up of a battle-hardened Jin commander, his hands resting on the hilt of his sheathed sabe

Song officials in flowing silk robes presenting the signed treaty to Emperor Gaozong

Tensions between the British Empire and the Boer republics of South Africa erupted into war as the Boers declared hostilities. Rooted in imperial expansion, economic interests, and disputes over land and governance, the war became one of the most brutal colonial conflicts. The Boers initially gained victories but faced a powerful British counteroffensive. The war introduced guerrilla tactics, concentration camps, and reshaped South Africa’s future under British rule.

Boer commandos in dusty slouch hats riding across the golden plains

1899 – Boer War Begins

a Boer fighter crouched beside a campfire, holding his rifle

British officer in a crisp khaki uniform staring at a telegram in disbelief. The message reads, "War

The Wuchang Uprising began in Wuchang, China, when revolutionary forces revolted against the Qing dynasty. This event triggered a series of uprisings across China, leading to the fall of the Qing and the establishment of the Republic of China. The uprising marked the end of over two millennia of imperial rule, ushering in a new era of republican governance and political transformation in China.

of revolutionary soldiers storming the Qing military barracks at night

1911 – Wuchang Uprising

a revolutionary leader gripping a bolt-action rifle in one hand and a blood-streaked battle plan in

Kathryn D. Sullivan made history as the first American woman to perform a spacewalk during the Space Shuttle Challenger mission. Floating outside the shuttle, she conducted crucial tests that advanced space travel technology. Her mission inspired future generations of female astronauts and reinforced the role of women in space exploration. Her achievement marked a major milestone in breaking gender barriers in science and technology.